This article is devoted to the study of risk factors for the development of osteoporosis, focused on the survey of patients assigned to polyclinics. The authors carried out a comprehensive analysis of the influence of age, gender, genetic predisposition, level of physical activity and nutrition on the likelihood of developing osteoporosis in patients of various age and sociodemographic groups.

The methodology of the study included a survey of a large sample of patients visiting polyclinics, followed by summarizing the final data in the form of diagrams. As a result, key risk factors and their interrelationships with the development of osteoporosis were identified. The data obtained are presented in a visual form, which provides ease of interpretation and allows you to highlight the most significant aspects.

Based on the conducted research, the authors conclude that it is necessary to take these factors into account when assessing the risk of osteoporosis and developing individualized approaches to prevention and treatment. The results of the work can be useful for general practitioners specializing in the prevention and early diagnosis of osteoporosis, as well as for the development of social programs to improve public health.

The article discusses the prospects for the development of a unified state system for monitoring the environment and natural resources based on automated environmental monitoring systems for large economic entities. Examples of successful cooperation between government agencies and nature users in the field of automated exchange of environmental information and ensuring open access to it to the interested public are given. Special attention is paid to the organization of automated environmental monitoring systems by business entities, taking into account the significant costs of creating and maintaining environmental monitoring stations.

This study is of an evaluative nature and is based on a retrospective analysis of data from 18 patients of the oncological office of the City Polyclinic No. 1 of the North Kazakhstan region (North Kazakhstan region). PSA levels were compared in patients with various histological diagnoses, including adenocarcinoma, microcarcinoma, benign hyperplasia and inflammatory processes.

High PSA levels (> 25 ng/mL) were expected to be a reliable indicator of malignancy, demonstrating a significant difference between gallbladder carcinoma patients and benign changes.

Moderate PSA values (4-10 ng/mL) were to include both patients with benign processes and those with precancerous conditions.

Low PSA levels (< 4 ng/mL) were expected in patients without evidence of malignancy, which could serve as an additional criterion for exclusion of oncology.

The findings confirmed the importance of PSA as a marker for gallbladder carcinoma diagnosis, but also demonstrated its limited specificity. To improve the accuracy of diagnostics, it is recommended to use additional parameters (the ratio of free and bound PSA, the density of the PSA, the rate of change in the PSA level), as well as apply modern methods of visualization and molecular diagnostics.

Currently, active dispersal and successful colonization meadow tick (Dermacentor reticulatus) continues in new territories of West Siberia due to the faster period of development of individuals of this species in comparison with Ixodes persulcatus, which indicates it as potentially the most widespread and numerically superior to all other ixodes ticks of the pasture-lying type. The bioecological features of D. reticulatus give it significant dominant advantages over other ixodid mites that pose an epidemiological danger, even over I. persulcatus in terms of the development of newly emerging biogeocenoses, which confirmed by our own long-term data from field collections of flag.

The article describes the use of beautiful flowering shrubs when creating compositions in the conditions of Absheron. They are grown in borders, single and group plantings, hedges, and flower beds. Unlike ornamental herbaceous plants, shrubs bloom for a longer period of time, and therefore are promising for use in landscape design. For a comprehensive study of various types of beautiful flowering shrubs and more effective implementation in landscaping, research was carried out in the Landscape Architecture laboratory. The purpose of the study is to study the taxonomic composition, origin, use in various types of plantings, when creating compositions of beautiful flowering shrubs. As a result of the research work, it was revealed that in the parks and gardens of Absheron, beautiful flowering shrubs are widely used in various types of plantings and it is recommended to introduce new types of these plants into landscaping.

This article presents the results of a morphological study of early spring medicinal plants in the Sogrov Reserve, located in the North Kazakhstan region. The study focused on two species: Maianthemum bifolium L. and Anemone silvestris L. Key morphometric parameters, such as plant height, shoot diameter, leaf, and flower characteristics, were analyzed. Both species demonstrated stable traits, indicating good adaptation to the climatic conditions of the forest-steppe zone. The obtained data are significant for further research on the biology of rare plants and can be used to develop conservation strategies. The study emphasizes the importance of preserving natural ecosystems to maintain biodiversity and support the stability of local populations of valuable plant species.

This article examines fluctuation asymmetry as an indicator of environmental stress in woody plants growing in an urban environment. The objects of the study are several types common within the city. The degree of fluctuation asymmetry was assessed based on the morphological characteristics of the leaves, the symmetry of which may be disrupted by adverse environmental factors. The article also provides a brief botanical description of the leaves of these species. The standard deviation and coefficient of variation are calculated for each type. Based on this, relevant conclusions were drawn and an assessment of the quality of the environment was given.  The data obtained allow us to judge the influence of the urbanized environment on the morphological stability of the studied species. The results can be used in monitoring the state of urban ecosystems and selecting stress-resistant species for landscaping.

The integration of translanguaging in foreign language learning has gained increasing attention as an effective strategy for developing bilingual and multilingual communicative competence. In Azerbaijani as a Foreign Language (AFL) and English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms, students often struggle to maintain engagement and independently enhance their proficiency. This study examines how artificial intelligence, specifically ChatGPT, and game-based learning can be self-study tools to support language acquisition through translanguaging.

This research investigates the effectiveness of AI-driven interactive dialogue and gamified learning in promoting translanguaging practices by analyzing student experiences in AFL and EFL settings at Odlar Yurdu University and Baku Business University over the 2024-2025 period. The study explores how these tools facilitate cross-linguistic connections, foster autonomous learning, and enhance students' confidence in language use.

The findings will provide insights into the pedagogical benefits of AI and gamification in language education and offer practical recommendations for integrating these tools into AFL and EFL classrooms to strengthen bilingual communicative competence.

The article considers the need for an individual approach in teaching a foreign language, taking into account the modalities of students’ perception. The effectiveness of the educational process increases significantly if we rely on knowledge about the leading channel of information perception for each student. The focus is on sensory systems – visual, auditory, kinesthetic –  that determine how a student receives and processes information.

The results of the study show that an individual approach to teaching a foreign language contributes to a deeper assimilation of language material, an increase in motivation, and independence of students.

Thus, taking into account the modalities of perception when teaching a foreign language makes it possible to improve the quality of education, activate the cognitive activity of students, and create conditions for more productive and conscious assimilation of language knowledge.

The content of the article is devoted to the issues of determining the level of formation of one of the competencies of the continuous professional development of future teachers – readiness and ability to understand internal resources. The relevance of the research is determined by the need to analyze the professional development of a teacher at different levels of his formation, including the period of professional training in a university, based on monitoring. The novelty of the study is to present the results of changes in the trajectory of the future teacher's development of competencies for continuous professional development of the motivational and target component during the training period. The theoretical significance of the results is based on the analysis of previous research results, the development of criteria for the selection of monitoring tools, and the presentation of content for monitoring the motivational and target component of the competencies for the continuous professional development of future teachers. The practical significance is aimed at substantiating the choice of diagnostic tools and monitoring results of the required competence. In conclusion, the article presents the results of the research work on determining the dynamics of changes in the formation of the competence of continuous professional development «Readiness and ability to know internal resources».

The article is dedicated to studying the application of modern technologies and geographic information systems (GIS) in geography lessons to enhance the quality of education. The main objective of the work is to analyze the advantages and challenges associated with integrating technologies into the educational process. The research objectives include exploring GIS capabilities for developing spatial thinking, fostering analytical skills, and increasing students' interest in the subject. The study was conducted using a combination of theoretical and empirical methods, including a geoinformational approach, analysis of applications (Merge Cube, Star Walk 2, Solar Walk) and software (ArcGIS, QGIS, Google Earth, National Geographic MapMaker). Particular attention was given to interactive methods such as virtual and augmented reality, interactive maps, and modeling of geographical processes. Technical aspects, including the need for stable internet and equipment, as well as implementation barriers – such as lack of funding, limited technical resources, and the need for teacher training –were considered. The study concluded that GIS makes learning more visual, interactive, and focused on the practical application of knowledge, contributing to career orientation and preparing students for modern professional challenges. Recommendations for working with GIS include gradual technology implementation, the use of free software, and enhancing teacher qualifications.

This article is devoted to the study of a pedagogical experiment aimed at studying the effectiveness of teaching methods of mechanical vibrations and waves in the school educational process. The experiment used traditional and innovative approaches; including theoretical training and multimedia resources. The main focus was on the integration of theory and practice; as well as assessing the impact of various methods on students' learning. The results of the experiment showed that the active involvement of students in practical activities; the use of technology and an individual approach significantly contribute to a deeper and longer-term assimilation of the material. At the same time; the importance of a balanced approach combining theoretical learning with practical tasks and real experiments has been revealed. The results of the study can be useful for further improvement of methods of teaching physics.

The problematics of the article is related to the expansion of professional training of future teachers from subject-pedagogical to continuous professional development, which is the purpose of the research conducted by the author's team in SKU named after M. Kozybaev (2023-2025). The article presents the resources of emotional intelligence and mechanisms of its integration into teaching, which makes learning comfortable and successful, including in overcoming academic and professional deficits through the processes of continuous professional development in students of the direction of «Pedagogical Sciences». The aim of the article is to substantiate the influence of skills (abilities) of emotional intelligence on motivated, purposeful and sustainable manifestation of competences of continuous professional development. The methods of the research correspond to the realisation of the goal: analysis of review, theoretical and empirical articles, observation of teaching - learning - assessment, survey of students, analysis of students' activity products. The results of the study are related to the clarification of the nature of teaching that allows integrating subject, pedagogical competences and competences of continuous professional development in an educational environment where the emotions of knowledge and behavioural competences help students to enhance the potential of cognitive development by managing socio-emotional development (own and other students'). The obtained results are applicable in the organisation of the educational process in higher education and in the development of educational programmes for its implementation. The conceptual position of the conclusions is the need for further research into the nature of emotional intelligence to direct proactive actions of students and graduates of the direction «Pedagogical Sciences» in the management of their own professional development with the prospect of achieving leadership in educational practice. The research perspective is of particular relevance to the distance learning landscape where student-centredness, personalisation and personalisation of teaching cannot be ruled out. 

Modern science increasingly turns to addressing the problems of urban studies, engaging in the search for their solutions. The formation of a unified space, in particular the similarity of a unified urban space, the standardization of national legislations, and socio-economic solutions to urban problems, still does not negate their regional specificities. Kazakhstan is no exception in this progressive movement, and the study of historical urban studies is one of the most dynamically developing areas of national historical science. The ethno-demographic history of the city, the experience of interaction between state, regional, and local authorities, development and transformation at the present stage, necessitate the study of the population structure of Kazakhstani cities, including small towns. The aim of the research is the ethno-demographic processes in Northern Kazakhstan in historical retrospect, using the city of Petropavl as an example, where all the socio-economic processes that influenced the city's population structure were accumulated. The combination of historical methods used allowed us to examine the spectrum and dynamics of the city's social and ethno-demographic development from the XIX to the beginning of the XX century, the source material used by local historians of the region is particularly noteworthy.

In recent years, Kazakhstan has been actively developing innovative infrastructure and taking steps to create favorable conditions for the introduction of scientific and technical developments into the real sector of the economy. The key factors influencing the process of technology commercialization are considered, such as government support, the availability of venture capital, the interaction of scientific institutions with business and legal regulation. Special attention is paid to the analysis of existing programs and initiatives aimed at stimulating innovation activity, as well as identifying barriers that startups and enterprises face on their way to the market.

Bringing innovative products to the market involves a very difficult path from generating ideas, conducting fundamental research to building an innovative business and bringing finished products to the market to the end consumer. Successful commercialization makes it possible to increase added value, strengthen the competitiveness of business and the country as a whole.

The research is based on data from public and private organizations, as well as on examples of successful cases of technology commercialization in Kazakhstan. The conclusions of the work can be useful for technology developers, investors and politicians interested in the further development of the country's innovative economy.

The article analyses the provision of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan with meat and dairy products in the period from 2012 to 2022. The study includes a comparative analysis of the dynamics of livestock and poultry population, meat and milk production volumes, as well as the number of population by regions. The results of the analysis reflect the level of provision of the country and each region separately with these products in accordance with the average per capita physiological norm of consumption. This allows us to understand the current situation and trends in the development of agricultural industries in the context of the needs of the population.

The article focuses on developing a technology for producing protein feed powder from leather raw material waste in North Kazakhstan. The goal is to enhance animal and poultry productivity by incorporating this powder into mixed feeds. The necessity of domestic feed additive production and utilization of livestock waste is emphasized. Animal-derived feeds are noted for their richness in essential amino acids and vitamin B12. Data on the chemical composition of leather raw materials, showing high protein content, are presented. Developed methods enable the production of feed powder with approximately 82% protein, which reduces costs and improves economic performance.

This article provides an overview of existing systems for automatic monitoring of human vital signs, their architectural solutions, technologies, and areas of application. The main types of wearable and stationary devices for monitoring physiological parameters, such as heart rate (HR), blood pressure, blood oxygen level (SpO₂), body temperature, and physical activity are considered. The sensors used (optical, electrical, mechanical), data transmission methods (Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, NFC), and approaches to information processing, including signal filtering and machine learning algorithms are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the issues of measurement accuracy, energy efficiency, data privacy, and integration with mobile applications and cloud services. The advantages and disadvantages of existing solutions, as well as the prospects for their development to improve the quality of medical care and personalized health monitoring, are noted.

The article deals with the problem of increasing the accuracy and reliability of automatic vehicle access control systems. Modern methods of license plate recognition provide high accuracy in laboratory conditions, but their efficiency decreases under unfavorable external factors (weather conditions, license plate contamination, etc.). In this regard, a method of two-factor vehicle identification is proposed, including traditional license plate recognition and additional authentication by MAC-address of the driver's mobile device using IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi network.

Research methods include analyzing the network interaction between client devices and Wi-Fi access points, using the monitoring mode of wireless adapters to intercept Probe Request packets, and applying machine learning algorithms to associate cars with the MAC addresses of their owners. A structural scheme of the system is developed in which a Wi-Fi access point captures the MAC addresses of devices in the network coverage area and checks them against a database. The system automatically opens the barrier when one or both identification factors are successfully matched.

The results show that the use of two-factor authentication significantly improves the reliability of the access control system, compensating for the shortcomings of computer vision methods.

The article presents the materials of the development of a model for classification and recognition of UAVs and birds based on the neural network of the YOLOv9 architecture in the optoelectronic channels of Anti-drone systems. To train the neural network, a dataset was prepared in the form of annotated images of UAVs and birds. The total number, taking into account augmentation, was 5265 images. The authors implemented training, verification and testing of neural networks in the Windows 11 operating system, in the Python 3.10.8 runtime environment and the Pycharm 2024 development environment. The training process was carried out on the basis of the AD103 graphics processor of the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4080 video card with support for CUDA Toolkit 12.1. As a result of training the neural network, the following metrics were obtained: mAP50-95: 0.59; mAP50: 0.95; Recall: 0.89; Precision: 0.95. According to these indicators, the trained model outperforms the UAV and bird recognition and classification models trained on the basis of YOLOv2, YOLOv4, YOLOv5, YOLOv7 and YOLOX. The inference results on two videos with DJI Inspire 2 and DJI Mini 3 UAV flights showed FPS values of 131 and 119, respectively. It was found that, due to the obtained accuracy and FPS metrics, the trained YOLOv9 model can be used as a module for recognizing and classifying UAVs and birds in real time in the optoelectronic surveillance channels of Anti-drone systems.

The implementation of Agile frameworks in banking software development has gained momentum in recent years, driven by the need for flexibility, faster delivery, and greater responsiveness to change. This paper presents a case study of Smart Solution (hereafter referred to as Smart), a Canadian banking software provider, and explores the practical application of Scrum, Kanban, and Scrumban methodologies within a regulated financial environment. Through an analysis of internal practices, team structure, tooling, and project types, the study examines how Agile principles have been adapted to meet compliance standards, maintain predictable release cycles, and balance multiple parallel workstreams. Challenges encountered include tool misalignment, inconsistent sprint focus, and the limitations of Scrum for maintenance work. Findings suggest that Scrumban offers a viable hybrid solution, combining structured planning with continuous flow. The paper concludes with recommendations for implementing Agile in the banking domain and proposes several hypotheses for future research.

Instant object detection is a critical capability in modern applications where timely decision-making is essential, such as in emergency medicine, autonomous systems, and intelligent surveillance. Efficiently handling high-throughput image streams with minimal delay presents significant challenges, particularly under demanding conditions. This study presents a scalable object detection pipeline that integrates YOLO models with Apache Kafka, a distributed streaming platform, to support just-in-time inference. The proposed architecture leverages Kafka’s partitioning and consumer group mechanisms to enable parallel processing, ensuring high throughput without requiring complex load-balancing logic. The system is deployed on a Virtual Private Server to demonstrate practical implementation. Two configurations are presented to illustrate Kafka’s native scalability: one with a single partition and a single consumer, and another with five partitions and five consumers. These setups visually demonstrate how Kafka efficiently distributes workloads across multiple consumers. Although specific latency or throughput metrics are not reported, the architecture effectively showcases how Kafka’s design enables prompt responses to high-volume input. This pipeline is well-suited for time-sensitive object detection tasks and can be extended to a wide range of instant analytics applications where rapid feedback is critical.

This article explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and decision support systems (DSS) into the interdisciplinary education of IT specialists. The focus is on the development and testing of direct manipulation interfaces through a case-based learning project conducted as part of a practice-oriented educational initiative. The study combines methods of user interface design, software metrology, and DSS technologies. It also incorporates elements of user experience analysis using digital tools and collective expert evaluation.

Project participants completed all stages of digital product creation: selection and modeling of building and structure objects, development of user scenarios, creation of test cases, interface visualization, and construction of expert evaluation models. Methods for opinion alignment, preference aggregation, and interface quality criteria analysis were applied. Special emphasis was placed on the use of AI for automated analysis and generation of user solutions.

The results of the case study were applied in the experimental part of the research, aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of an interdisciplinary approach in IT education. The findings demonstrate the practical applicability of AI and DSS in educational contexts, contribute to the development of professional competencies, and deepen understanding of interface design processes. The article concludes with an analysis of prospects for integrating similar case studies into ICT education within the framework of project-based learning using modern digital technologies.

The article discusses the possibilities of using large language models (LM), such as ChatGPT, Deep Seek and Grok, in the tasks of evaluating student papers. The author conducts a qualitative analysis of the results obtained using ChatGPT, in comparison with teaching assessments, with an emphasis on identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the automated approach. The potential advantages of using LLM are discussed – processing speed, compliance with criteria, scalability – as well as limitations associated with evaluating creativity and depth of analysis. Special attention is paid to the applicability of various models depending on the type of assignment (text, code) and the specifics of the discipline. The work is of a review and analytical nature and can serve as a starting point for further research in the field of digitalization of educational assessment and integration of LLM into the educational process. 

Poetry translation is one of the most problematic forms of translation and therefore has specific requirements to address. The purpose of this article is to investigate the translation strategies and techniques applied to poetic texts by professional translators and researchers. A qualitative descriptive research method is followed to provide a brief overview of these translation instruments. This research method enables qualitative data collection with credible and unbiased information. The findings were three commonly used translation strategies and three classifications of translation techniques used by researchers from all over the world for literary translation. These results demonstrated the vast diversity in the usage of strategies and techniques for the translation of poetic texts.

This article examines the localization of animated films into Kazakh, with a particular focus on conveying character accents and stylistic features. The study analyzes the official dubbed version of Cars 2, produced by Cinema Tone Production. The research demonstrates that translators employ creative solutions, such as incorporating idiomatic expressions and elements of the southern Kazakh dialect, to ensure successful adaptation. The analysis also highlights how precise lip-syncing and carefully crafted speech patterns contribute to making the localized content feel as natural as the original. The findings emphasize the necessity of a creative approach in audiovisual translation, as well as the importance of individually assessing each dialogue to maintain both the stylistic integrity and semantic accuracy of the source material.

This study examines the translation of culturally specific vocabulary, particularly culture-bound words and expressions, in Ilyas Yessenberlin’s trilogy The Nomads from Kazakh to English. A qualitative research approach was employed, utilizing a descriptive methodology to analyze military terminology, kinship terms unique to the Kazakh culture, culture-bound expressions, and Kazakh proverbs.

The paper is structured into several sections, including an introduction, methodology, findings, discussion, and conclusion. The primary objective of this research is to investigate the challenges associated with conveying the meaning of culture-bound words and expressions in translation, and to examine the strategies employed to render them accurately in English. The study aims to address the following research questions: “How were culture-bound words and expressions translated into English?” and “To what extent did the translator preserve the meaning of these culture-bound expressions”?

Findings indicate that military and kinship terms were primarily transliterated, with some instances of descriptive translation. Certain proverbs and metaphors were omitted, while others were translated literally. Given the novel’s extensive use of metaphorical language, the study provides valuable insights for translators, interpreters, and educators, offering additional knowledge on effective strategies for rendering culturally embedded terms in translation.

The biggest problem for linguists teaching in higher education is that students study in the same group, regardless of their language competence, which is at different levels. In this case, completing tasks and assessing knowledge on the basis of an educational and methodological complex prepared on the basis of an established standard program creates significant difficulties. Because if the level of some students is low, then certain students in the group may have much higher knowledge of the kazakh language. The program task is easy for some, but difficult for others. While maintaining the average level of tasks, it will become more and more difficult with each stage. The activities of the teacher, in the teaching procedure, are considered an integral part of the pedagogical process, since the linguistic results of students are directly related to the quality of teaching.

It is no secret that modern society needs highly qualified graduates who are able to independently solve complex problems in various situations. To meet such public demand, the teacher must master the best teaching methods in his professional activity. The article discusses the issues of teaching the kazakh language depending on the language competence of the student, the choice of effective methods and real assessment.