The original study was conducted to study the prevalence and incidence of the neuropathic component of chronic pain in patients with malignant neoplasms. The cohort study sample was formed in the Regional Oncology Dispensary of Karaganda. The study included 374 cancer patients. Neuropathic chronic pain of varying intensity and localization was diagnosed in 106 patients. The sample patients were divided into the main and control groups using the envelope method. Each group was analyzed in detail, the main clinical characteristics of each patient were described. Gender, age, localization and prevalence of the primary focus of malignant neoplasm, and the type of antitumor treatment were analyzed.

The original study found that the neuropathic component of chronic pain is more common in women over 50 years of age. In the vast majority of cases, such patients are diagnosed with stage III breast cancer who have undergone complex or combined treatment. Given the identified cohort of patients who develop chronic neuropathic pain, it is possible to begin preventive measures earlier. These measures will reduce the burden of developing a difficult-to-treat type of chronic pain among cancer patients.

The hydrological characteristics of the foothill rivers Kaskelen, Aksai and Shamalgan are given, and the results of their hydrochemical studies are also presented. The purpose of this work is to characterize the current hydrological and hydrochemical state of the foothill rivers of the Almaty region, for applicability in the use of foothill rivers in fisheries (sport fishing, organization of aquaculture enterprises).

The article is devoted to medical and geographical atlas mapping. The results and accumulated materials of medical and geographical research of the North Kazakhstan region are presented, systematized and collected in a single key in the form of a complex of maps and models - a thematic medical-geographical atlas. The development of the atlas was based on the generally accepted principles of integrated system mapping. An extensive array of literary, reference, statistical, and cartographic data was used to create the atlas. Geoinformation mapping was performed in the program ArcGIS 10.8. (ESRI Inc.). The stages of development, structure, and content of the atlas are described. The atlas includes maps reflecting the natural, socio-economic factors of the formation of the health of the population of the region, demographic characteristics. In addition, it presents a series of maps on the nosogeography of natural focal diseases, the organization of the health system, and natural healing resources. The developed atlas is of a reference and informational nature and is intended for specialists of the healthcare system of the North Kazakhstan region, geographers, ecologists, as well as persons interested in medical and geographical research and mapping.

The article provides information on the floral finds of 4 plant species new to our region: Pleurospermum uralense Hoffm., Sedobassia sedoides (Pall.) GLChu., Viola mirabilis L., Atraphaxis frutescens (L.) K. Koch. Among the finds, Pleurospermum uralense Hoffm., is a new genus and species for the Tobol-Ishim botanical and geographical region of our republic. Such species as Viola mirabilis L., Atraphaxis frutescens (L.) K. Koch., as well as Sedobassia sedoides (Pall.) GLChu. they are previously unknown to vegetation of our area. New species are adding to the list of plants of our region.

The present study is devoted to the main tasks of seed bank laboratories, among which the formation, study and conservation of seed collections of both natural and introduced flora of Central and Northern Kazakhstan are emphasized. This work emphasizes the importance of maintaining optimal conditions for seed collection in these regions, which is a key aspect for successful seed management, conservation and restoration of plant communities. Expedition trips, conducted annually between July and September, are synchronized with the growing seasons of the plants and take into account weather conditions that directly affect the efficiency of seed collection.

During such visits, 56 forms of wild flora were collected, mainly on the territory of the Kokchetavskaya Upland, Central-Kazakhstan shallow meadow and Akmola region, including Shortanda district, as well as in the unique ecosystems of SNPP “Burabai” and the vicinity of Makinki village. The collected genetic material plays a key role in biodiversity conservation and can be used for further scientific research as well as for practical needs related to ecosystem restoration.

As part of this work, a laboratory study was also conducted to investigate the viability of the selected seeds. The results of the study will help to further understand the characteristics and factors that determine the viability of seeds of different forms, which is crucial for their subsequent use in botanical collections. This study emphasizes the relevance of the selected topic, as well as the importance of conservation and management of seed resources in conditions of ecological vulnerability, which is of significant importance for sustainable environmental protection and conservation of plant diversity in Central and Northern Kazakhstan.

This article deals the problem of visual impairment is considered, which is currently relevant, since in accordance with modern requirements, the number of people wearing glasses who have vision problems due to increased eye strain is increasing daily. The paper shows some ways to preserve vision.

Nowadays, all areas of human knowledge are firmly interacting with digital technologies. These technologies open up new approaches to study and research methods in most scientific fields.

The article shows the integration of digital technologies in herbarium science. The relevance of digitization of herbarium collections is described. An algorithm for creating a digital herbarium is presented and a method for publishing the data is proposed. The limiting factors and advantages of working with electronic herbarium are noted.

This article is devoted to the study of current issues in teaching history and law in educational institutions. The article reveals the concepts and essence of modern educational technologies based on the opinions and approaches of various researchers. Much attention is paid in the article to the problem of choosing the most optimal educational technology of teaching, depending on the individual characteristics of students and their moral and psychological readiness to learn new educational material. In conclusion, criteria for choosing the most effective teaching technology are given and a number of requirements for the successful teaching of historical and legal material are presented.

The article discusses topical issues related to the pedagogical support of young employees of investigative departments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, analyzes in detail the challenges faced by novice investigators and the need for pedagogical support for the successful integration of young investigators. The study is based on the analysis of normative legal acts, scientific literature, as well as the results of an empirical study among employees of investigative departments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

In this article, the author explores the problem of the application of educational measures in relation to employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, classified in the third category of professional suitability. The author examines the features of this process and identifies the factors influencing the effectiveness of the educational process. The data of an empirical study conducted in the department of the linear department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia at Pulkovo airport are analyzed. The importance of adapting educational approaches to a changing socio-cultural environment is emphasized and makes recommendations for the development and improvement of educational work practices among law enforcement officers.

The article actualizes the problem of developing the readiness of a future mathematics teacher to teach schoolchildren to solve Olympiad problems. Based on the analysis of scientific and methodological sources and the results of mathematics students’ self-assessment of their readiness for this type of activity, the need for a systematic approach to solving the identified problem is substantiated. The study outlines the author's view of the university training system aimed at developing future mathematics teachers with mathematical and methodological competencies that determine their readiness to teach schoolchildren to solve Olympiad problems, and outlines the problems that may arise during its implementation.

The article analyzes such a category as the subject of a claim, its place and role in civil proceedings. Disputes about the presence or absence of a legal relationship between the parties, about the obligations of the defendant, about the change or termination of the legal relationship are types of the subject of a claim. The authors give examples of the types and analyze the criteria for differentiating between the types of lawsuits on the subject of the claim. It is also noted that in disputes about the change and termination of a legal relationship the court realizes the exclusive powers granted by the legislator. The article puts forward two arguments about the limits of employing the types of the subject of the claim. The authors believe that there are no clear criteria for differentiating between the groups of lawsuits on the subject matter of the claim. Also, the authors find that in the practical field (in rule-making, courts) the subject of the claim is applied in general, without dividing it into groups. The subject matter of the claim, together with the existence of a dispute, affects the type of judicial proceedings. In judicial practice, there is an erroneous interpretation of the subject of the claim, which has negative consequences. The paper argues that the requirement to establish the fact of recognition of paternity should be considered in a lawsuit only within the framework of the requirement to establish paternity.

This article examines the foreign experience of bringing to justice for domestic violence. Domestic violence definitely falls under the violation of a large number of internationally recognized human rights that the State is obliged to defend and protect: the right to life and physical integrity, the right not to be the object of bullying or cruel treatment, inhuman or degrading treatment, the right to equal protection from the law and freedom from discrimination based on gender and others. As we can see, the origins of gender inequality were determined primarily by cultural and religious factors, as well as the peculiarities of the legal system in different countries. As a result, domestic violence has been recognized for granted almost all over the world for a long time and for a long time, and in some sources of social norms it was even recorded in legislative forms.

Violence against women and domestic violence can no longer be considered a private matter, and that States must take a firm stand and take measures to prevent violence, protect victims and punish perpetrators. This issue has become extremely relevant at the present time, when the Republic of Kazakhstan is becoming an almost full-fledged participant in global integration processes, supporting the idea of prioritizing the rights and freedoms of man and citizen. The paper provides a comparative analysis of the legislation of the United States of America, Canada, Germany, Austria and France. It is concluded that the positive foreign experience in the field of prevention of domestic violence, which can be applied in Kazakhstan, should be: the construction and creation of social institutions whose activities are aimed at preventing domestic violence (USA) - the need to introduce a system of support for social initiatives in the field of prevention of domestic violence (USA) - the creation on the basis of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic Kazakhstan Institute for Research on Domestic Violence (Canada); grouping of measures aimed at preventing domestic violence by group affiliation (France); the need to assess the effectiveness of measures applied in the field of prevention of domestic violence (Germany).

The materials for the preparation of the article were based on samples and observations taken at the stage of entering the IP "white fish".

Research on this topic was carried out using hydrochemical methods, production technologies and evaluation of fish products.

As a result of the study, it was found that:

1. A fish pond with an area of 1.2 hectares, an average depth of about two meters with a fresh water supply of 16 liters/ sec.

2. A basin area with a total water volume of 985.8 m³ and a water exchange rate of 46 l/sec, for commercial trout cultivation.

There are no sources of anthropogenic impact and factors negatively affecting the ecology of the environment in the fish farming area of IP "Ak Balyk".

According to hydrochemical indicators, the water on the farm meets the requirements for fish farming.

In the conditions of the North Kazakhstan region, the moisture supply of the growing season of spring soft wheat is characterized by an uneven distribution of precipitation, which affects the yield of grain crops.

This process can be observed using the G.T. Selyaninov hydrothermal humidification coefficient (GTC). A scientific study during 2022-2023 was conducted in order to influence moisture availability on the grain yield of spring soft wheat in the North Kazakhstan region. The methodology consists in calculating the hydrothermal coefficient in the interphase periods of spring wheat for calendar years: 2022 and 2023. The calculation of the elements of the crop structure and grain yield was also carried out.

In accordance with the moisture availability of the growing season of spring wheat, the main elements of the crop structure: productive bushiness, ear water content, pcs; weight of 1000 grains, g showed themselves stronger in 2023, respectively: 1.1; 21; 33, than in 2022.

Moisture availability of the period of release into the tube - grain ripeness in 2022 took place in satisfactory conditions for spring wheat, which affected its grain yield of - 15 c/ha. In 2023, the stages of wheat organogenesis before the earing period passed favorably, despite the subsequent poorly satisfactory wet conditions before grain maturation, the harvested plants showed good productivity potential - 17c/ha, which exceeded the grain yield of 2022.

The use of the hydrothermal coefficient makes it possible to apply agrotechnical techniques to increase the yield of spring wheat grain in unstable periods of moisture availability.

The role of ants in forests is an open and ambiguous question in myrmecology. Some scientists attribute the functionality of ants to the control of pest populations, others consider ants an important component in the forest ecosystem, others point to their special significance in maintaining the balance of forest communities.

The study of ant hills occurrence in the forests of North-Kazakhstan region is necessary in order to identify the dynamics of ant populations, to determine the factors affecting their distribution, and to develop recommendations for the conservation of biodiversity of forest ecosystems of the North-Kazakhstan region. This study will provide data on the status of anthills and their role in forest communities, which is important for the development of effective forest management strategies and preservation of the natural balance of anthills in the forests of North Kazakhstan region.

This article discusses the processes of modeling, calculation and analysis of a cantilever girder, which is, from the point of view of mechanics The process of input of initial data, transformation of a physical system into a mathematical model and analysis of the obtained results are considered step by step.

In article models of the microwave oven of heating of objects are considered. One of them represents the generator of the microwave oven of the energy, loaded on the volume resonator in which place heated up object. Other model, along with the microwave oven the generator, contains the switching center with exits on a number of unidirectional radiators in which aperture the irradiated object is established.

In article it is considered features of process of interaction of object with a wave guide field. Modes of the minimum rcradiation of energy and the maximum absorption of energy are in detail stated.

Digital transformation is crucial for organizations to survive, be competitive, and grow in the modern age. IoT is the key to enabling this transformation by connecting devices and optimizing processes. This paper presents the design and implementation of a generic IoT-based real-time environmental monitoring and alarm system. The platform is validated by applying it to a manufacturing plant scenario, where various sensors simulate industrial conditions. Scalable message distribution systems such as MQTT and Apache Kafka facilitate reliable data transmission. A microservice architecture is constructed for the backend services to ensure uninterrupted and high throughput services in the application domain. Instead of deploying a real WSN, traffic generation services were chosen to minimize costs, provide greater control and flexibility, and facilitate faster, scalable testing in a controlled environment. The platform also features an integrated alarm system with an event definition module, which allows users to define custom action rules. This flexible, scalable, and resilient architecture can be used across a wide range of application domains that require digital transformation. The experimental study demonstrates the platform's capabilities and great potential for broader IoT applications.

Professional development is an important process that affects people's way of life. Supporting students at the moment of choosing a university, during the learning process, can help them make important career decisions and increase their employability. The paper proposes an approach to modeling the behavior of an applicant using Markov chains, and provides some interpretations. The Markov chain is widely used for modeling and analyzing stochastic systems in various fields of science and technology. The results of the study can be useful for the university administration, career consultants when planning career guidance activities.

The article describes the process of designing and creating a VR laboratory for the study of experimental physics. The project involves the integration of VR technologies, the development of a user interface and functionality for safe and visual physical experiments. The solution being developed will allow students to effectively learn and understand physical laws in an interactive virtual environment, expanding educational opportunities in this area.

This article explores the etymology and pronunciation of two of H.P. Lovecraft’s most iconic mythological deities: Cthulhu and Nyarlathotep. Through an extensive review of existing literature and comparative analysis, we uncover the linguistic roots and cultural influences that shaped these names. Lovecraft’s meticulous approach to naming his deities reflects his fascination with ancient mythologies, linguistic creativity, and contemporary figures. The findings suggest that the names Cthulhu and Nyarlathotep are deeply embedded with historical and mythological significance, enhancing the otherworldly and timeless nature of Lovecraft’s mythos. This study contributes to the broader understanding of Lovecraft’s literary genius and sets the stage for continued scholarly exploration of his cosmic horror universe.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the functions of love motif in the plot structure of Kazakh legends and systematize the texts according to the degree of its expression and plot-forming function. Using eight texts as an example, historical legends with a rudimentary and expanded love theme are separated, the specificity of a romance conflict and its role in oral narrative are defined. The national system of values is described. A conclusion is made about the integration of interethnic communication in historical legends, genre and content originality of modern Kazakh legends.