The paper deals with the distribution of weeds in the vicinity of the city of Petropavlovsk. The studied biotopes were selected based on the geographical location of the city. Each biotope is characterized by climate, soil, and anthropogenic factors. The total species composition was found to be 26 out of 337 studied specimens. In this work, special attention is paid to finding out the reasons for the active spread of weeds, relative to the territory. The number of species and their percentage ratio in the context of each biotope are determined, as well as the analysis is made and the reasons for the growth of certain representatives are established. Many of the weeds are found in several biotopes at the same time. Thus, the bird Highlander is noted in all the biotopes studied by us. Collected 31 copies or 9 % of the total. Levkovy jaundice from the Cabbage family was recorded in the Meshchansky forest and on the territory of the village of Solnechny with a total number of 23 specimens or 7%. The specified family was represented only by this representative.

The competitiveness of cultivated plants and weeds was determined by the quantitative-weight method. Weeds are limiting factors for the survival of the crops and greatly reduce their productivity. With an increase in the level of contamination of soybean crops, the total loss of grain from weeds reaches 5.4-13.7 C / ha.
As the results of experiments have shown, the herbicide Fabian is very effective against such an annual dicotyledonous weed as white Mar, perennial field bindweed and perennial grass weeds-creeping Wheatgrass and humus. As a result, the overall effectiveness against annual dicotyledons was 80.9%, perennial dicotyledons – 84.9% and perennial cereals – only 45.4%.
The biological effectiveness of the zenkor ultra herbicide based on metribuzin against a similar weed component in soybean crops was 40.3 and 41.7%, respectively. All variants of the experiment showed a negative tendency to reduce the biological effectiveness of herbicides over time.

In modern conditions, the beet subcomplex plays an important role in increasing the profitability of agricultural production and developing rural infrastructure. In order to increase the competitiveness of this industry, it is necessary to introduce more modern intensive technologies aimed at obtaining stable high yields of sugar beet hybrids of domestic selection.
Agrometeorological conditions during the growing season of sugar beet in 2019 can be attributed to acceptable temperatures and humidity levels. All this to a certain extent affects the growth, development and yield of sugar beet. It is established that hybrids of foreign selection grow intensively in July-August, and domestic hybrids - in August-September. Foreign hybrids effectively realize their genetic potential, have a better habit, the architecture of the leaf apparatus and root crops. The sugar beet content was determined by digesting cold water. Solid composition of root crops-the pulp is dried to a constant mass at a temperature of 105 ° C. Potentiometric method, α-aminomazot-colorimetric method. During storage, the selected root crops were used for planting. The landing was made manually 0.35 m 2 (70x50 cm).

Landscape gardening is the main mechanism of functioning of the urban territory on the basis of anthropogenic impact and a determining factor for the stability of the urban ecosystem and a healthy living environment for citizens. Currently, special attention is paid to the quality and range of flower crops used in landscape gardening.
Rational use and study of the biodiversity of ornamental plants for landscaping of the Aktobe region is of great importance from the point of view of preserving the ecological balance, increasing biodiversity and protecting the gene pool.
Representatives of the genus Begonia L., obtained as the object of research in this article, by their size, leaves and flower features allow landscape designers, gardeners to create decorative compositions that can be used to decorate gardens, parks and streets. The scope of its application is diverse: landscape design, landscaping of front areas, homesteads, creation of landscape compositions.

As the result of this work on the basis of a comprehensive varieties evaluation the new assortment of garden roses, promising for different kinds of landscaping, as well as for breeding in the conditions of Aktobe.
This promising assortment includes 35000 varieties of foreign and domestic breeding from 10 the most popular in ornamental horticulture and floriculture industry groups of garden roses: hybrid tea, floribunda, grandiflora, climbing, shrab, miniature, polyanthus, groundcover, Rose Kordes.

The paper presents the results of a study of the sex-age structure of invasive populations of Amur sleeper in Lake Rasplatnoe, Zhambyl region and Lake Polovinnoye of M. Zhumabaev's area in 2020. The goal is to study the sex-age structure of the Amur sleeper (P. glenii) populations within a part of the invasive range.
The material for this work was a sample of P. glenii of different ages from the population of Lake Rasplatnoe, 85 individuals and Lake Polovinnoe, 78 individuals. Fish were caught on a fishing rod on the lake of the population of Polovinnoye in July 2020 and on the lake of Rasplatnoye in August 2020. The relative age of the fish was determined by the growth rings on the scales under a binocular microscope, the sex was determined by the gonads at dissection.
In the studied sample, nine age groups were identified. Reliably the most numerous age groups are yearlings and biennials; the smallest are four-year-olds and five-year-olds. Both populations are characterized by a normal distribution of sex groups, with a small numerical dominance of males.

The main types of observations of silvery clouds are described, as well as methods for processing these observations. In the course of the study, the General characteristics of silvery clouds and their observation conditions were clarified. According to the results of the study, it was noted that the duration of visibility of silvery clouds varies widely. In practice, silvery clouds are formed in the summer and in the middle latitudes, because at this time there is a significant cooling in the mesopause, and at this level the necessary conditions are created for the formation of ice crystals that form silvery clouds. Silvery clouds are observed on average at an altitude of 70-80 km and are visible against the background of the twilight segment. The best conditions for visibility of silvery clouds are navigational twilight, when the sun falls 6°-12°above the observer's horizon. A brief description of methods for observing silvery clouds was also given.The analysis of the General characteristics of the morphological types of silvery clouds was carried out as a result of the research work of N. I. Grishin in 1950.

The article presents the results of a study of the distribution of lichens in different ecotopes and their systematic characteristics in Western Kazakhstan, including in Burabay State National Park. During research work in the research area in the Burabay region, 37 species of lichens from different ecotopes were collected and identified, which were systematically, environmentally, and comparatively studied. In a systematic analysis of the identified lichen species, 16 relatives and 9 genera were combined. Among the lichens found in this region, 17 species are widespread, forming a group of epigeal lichens. Various methods have been used in the study of lichens, including the collection, drying, identification and collection of lichens. Among the lichens found in the Burabay region, the Parmelia family consists of representatives of three relatives (Parmelia, Parmeliopsis, Cetraria), which is the second most diverse. The diversity of these families may depend on the suitability of the natural climatic conditions for ordinary plant species.

To fully provide the population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) with locally produced potatoes, it is necessary to have 150 thousand tons of tubers annually, taking into account the seed fund. The introduction of zonal technology provides a stable yield, but the actual yield in all categories of farms varies. The aim of the work was to develop an integrated fertilizer system for the cultivation of early potatoes in the conditions of permafrost soils in the Priviley zone of Yakutia. Testing was carried out according to the methodology of the All-Russian Research Institute of Potato and the methodology of the State Commission for the testing and protection of selection achievements. For research, potatoes were taken, zoned early in the Republic of Tulun. Nearby humus was used as
organic fertilizer, and azofoska mineral fertilizer. The use of mineral fertilizers is effective at a rate of 120 kg / ha, providing a yield increase of 4.0 t / ha; The application of humus (60 t / ha) is effective in combination with mineral fertilizers. Maximum yield - 16.2 t / ha, obtained by the joint application of humus (60 t / ha) and azofoska (120 kg / ha); The highest conditionally net income was also obtained by the joint introduction of humus and azofoska (120 kg / ha) - 251.8 thousand. rubles / ha.

The material for the study was the collection of the herbarium fund of the department of Biology of the М. Kozybayev NKU. The research is based on the analysis of herbarium materials of plants collected in the period from 1958-2020. Herbarium specimens of the Lamiidae subclass, which is the largest in terms of the number of its constituent species, were monitored. Systematization of the collection of the higher plants fund of the department is an integral part of the work on studying the dynamics of flora, morphological features of representatives, compiling plant determinants of North Kazakhstan and adjacent territories, informing and promoting the rational use and protection of natural resources, which is very important for environmental education and training of highly qualified specialists in the field of biology and allied sciences. In learning sessions, herbarium material is one of the important sources of practical accessible reliable information, and information about the taxonomic composition of flora is an important component of the rational use and conservation of biological diversity of the biota.

Kazakhstan is one of the largest exporters of grain crops, as it has ecologically clean territories and, accordingly, can produce environmentally friendly food products. However, there are certain constraints in the production of grain crops, including wheat. One of the most significant factors is significant crop losses from pests of agricultural crops, in particular-the gray grain scoop, which is widely distributed and is a dangerous pest of grain crops in the grain-growing areas of the Northern region of the country [1]. In this regard, it is important to study the characteristics of the pest-gray grain scoop, its impact on productivity, and develop specific proposals to minimize and neutralize its impact on grain production for the development of competitive advantages of the North Kazakhstan region in the production of grain crops, especially wheat. The paper contains proposals to improve the zonal system of protection of spring wheat crops in the North Kazakhstan region in the conditions of the Slava farm in Zhambyl district, which help prevent a 10-20% decrease in the yield from gray grain scoops while maintaining the quality of wheat, reducing the pesticide load on the agrocenosis and obtaining environmentally safe products.

The article presents the results of research conducted in August within two biotopes: Meshchansky forest and Victory Park. The studied material was collected by mowing with an entomological net. The accounting unit was every 10 strokes.
According to the results of research, 15 species of Diptera were identified in the city of Petropavlovsk. In particular, 12 species of Diptera were recorded in the Meshchansky forest, and 14 in Victory Park belonging to the families Muscidae, Ephydridae, Conopidae, Syrphidae, Simuliidae, Mycetophilidae, Culicidae, Tipulidae, Tabanidae. A comparative analysis of the species composition of insects for two biotopes is also carried out and a list of certain species is given. For the two biotopes, it was noted that the species diversity of Diptera within the studied areas almost does not differ. The only exception was that some species that were found in one biotope were absent in another. We attribute this to the difference between the sprouting flora in the two biotopes.

Lactobacilli are widely distributed in many natural environments, which play an important role in the autopsy process. Some of these species belong to the group of lactic acid bacteria, which enriches fermented foods with useful properties. One type of Lactobacillus, L. plantarum, is good for health, but its identification is one of the main problems. The novelty of the research work was classified by methods of classification of lactic acid bacteria isolated from plant raw materials using the method of polymerase chain reaction( PCR), studying their properties, and analyzing the nucleotide sequence of the modern molecular gene 16S rRNA. Use in production with an indication of important, useful points of the identified strain. The purpose of the study: extraction and classification of lactobacilli isolated from cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and clover (Trufolium herpes) varieties grown in the southern region of Kazakhstan. The modern method used in the classification of lactic acid bacteria is the polymerase chain reaction. It is carried out with the study of genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of strains. The technique is performed using special steps.

The most promising, unique object, very interesting from the point of view of ecological tourism in the North Kazakhstan region, is the botanical garden of the city of Petropavlovsk. It has sufficient recreational resources that underlie the excursion potential – the fundamental factor in the development of the tourist destination in the North Kazakhstan region. Along with the most important forms of activity of botanical gardens, noted in the work of V.Ya. Kuzevanov, S.V. Sizykh [1], such as the study and protection of biological diversity, the development of scientific foundations for the use of plant resources, information and educational and educational activities, in our opinion, should be highlighted and excursion activities.
The variety of collectible plants presented in the botanical garden of Petropavlovsk positions its territory as attractive for thematic excursions and the development of ecological routes. According to A.B. Lukichev [2], the most priority for ecological tourism is to maintain the quality of the environment and rationalize the use of biological resources. This type of tourism is closely related to the protection of rare and endangered species of plants and animals, as well as the creation of jobs. The infrastructure created in this case can be used to meet the needs and requirements of the local population. With the development of ecotourism, the educational level of both tourists and the local population grows.

One of the largest orders in terms of quantitative and species composition among the insect class (Insеcta) are the orders Coleoptera and Hemiptera. Representatives of these taxa are important in nature and human activity. However, the species composition of beetles and bugs in the area under consideration is poorly understood. In the course of the study, the features of distribution, species composition, frequency of occurrence of certain species for the month of August in two selected biotopes - a meadow in the vicinity of the Meshchansky forest and a park zone "Victory Park", differing in flora, soil types, location, influence of anthropogenic factors. The paper provides a brief description of the problem and the novelty of the study, describes the methods, and gives a description of the features of the biotopes selected for study. The article deals with the quantitative and species indicators of the collected insects by biotopes and systematic groups. According to the results of the study, a comparative analysis of various indicators characterizing the populations was carried out and conclusions were drawn about the features of the distribution of the studied insect species.

The plant protection system is the most common chemical method. The use of chemical methods of plant protection products contributes to a significant increase in crop yields and productivity in agricultural production. The essence of the chemical method of plant protection is the use of chemical compounds, poisons against pathogens of plants and pests. In plant protection, the chemical method is mainly used for prevention, chemicals are used to treat the outer side of the plants and thereby achieve external pest protection. The article presents the results of a study of quarantine soy diseases in Kazakhstan. Potentially hazardous ones of the most economic importance at present for the republic are indicated. Shows symptoms of quarantine soybean diseases, biological characteristics, prevalence and severity of quarantine soybean diseases. The conditions conducive to the causative agents of some quarantine diseases of soy are shown, as well as measures to combat them are shown.

The distribution area of sainfoin in Yakutia is poorly studied. It is known that it is found in steppe meadows of the floodplain of the river. Lena. It is found in large curtains in the riverine group of uluses and suburbs of the city of Yakutsk, and is widespread in the river basin. Vilyuy, on dry alasy. The interest in Siberian sainfoin is associated with its high nutritional value. According to the content of crude protein in the aboveground phytomass, sainfoin is second only to alfalfa, pea, murine and clover lupine. In the permafrost zone, using the example of the Priviley zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), studies were conducted to study promising numbers of Siberian sainfoin. It has been established that Siberian sainfoin grows a powerful root system below the arable horizon of permafrost soils, which contributes to its high drought tolerance; the ratio between aboveground and underground organs is 1: 2.2. Samples of the local population from the Nyurba district (numbers 77, 78, 79, 85, 112 and 113) are distinguished by seed productivity and fodder mass.

We studied 93 samples from the world collection of VIR, presented from all continents of the world: America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia. Early ripening varieties (66-69 days) - Polyushko (k-64856), Pamyati Vavenkova (k-65132), Boyevchanka (k- 64983), Uyarochka (k-65451), Volkhitka (k-65145) were allocated. All studied domestic varieties from the European part of Russia proved to be mid-season in Yakutia. Of the other continents in the world, AS Taho varieties (k-64977) from America, Vshivanka from Ukraine (k-65237), Bombona from Poland (k-65254) turned out to be the most precocious (67-69 days). The highest growth rates of shoots are the varieties from Syria Cham 8, Cham 10, America SSL 58-61, SSL 98-102, Ukraine Major and Staviska and domestic varieties Ekado 97, Chelyaba golden, OmGAU 90, in which the average daily growth of shoots reached 4, 0 and more centimeters. According to Yakutia, grain yields are distinguished from foreign varieties Long30 (China), Elissavet (Greece), Cham 8 (Syria), Churab2 (Syria), Astana 2, Karabalykskaya 91, Ishimskaya 92 (Kazakhstan), Quorum (Ukraine), Diablon ( Germany) and domestic varieties Novosibirsk 31, Siberian 14, Yaritsa, Pamyatni Vavenkova and others. These varieties formed from 500 to 780g / m2 of grain, with 315 g / m2 of the standard variety Prilenskaya 19. According to the set of economically valuable traits in Central Yakutia The varieties Long 8, Long 31 from China, Ac Taho from Canada, Churab 2 from Syria, Astana from Kazakhstan, Quorum from Ukraine, Diablon from Germany and domestic varieties Novosibirsk 31, Chelyaba Zolotistaya, Siberian 14, Pamenniya Vavenkova stand out and are of great breeding interest.

In snowless periods of 2017-2018 years in the flood-plain of Usolka river (small right-side branch of Irtysh river in the outskirt of Pavlodar) there were caught 293 exemplars of moor frog, including in 2017 – 224, in 2018 – 69 exemplars. In Irtysh floodplain near Zhelezinka settlement in June 2018 19 exemplars of moor frog were caught.
In small frogs (with body length till 25 or till 30 mm) usually small nematodes R.bufonis and O.filiformis were found. Then worm body sizes increased and decreased again in the hosts’ groups before reproductive maturing (30-35 or 35-40 mm). R.bufonis reached the maximal body sizes in the frogs larger than 45 mm, O.filiformis – in the measure frog groups 40-45 mm with a little decreasing in largest old amphibians.
Decreasing of worm sizes on the intervals of hosts’ linear sizes, in which the generative maturing took place, may be the result of the host’s energetic expenditure for the reproductive needs. Organism of large mature amphibians may cope as with reproductive functions as with parasites burden.

The research work is devoted to the study of vegetation diversity in the floodplain of the Yessil river within the North Kazakhstan region. Based on the analysis of the author's surveys of the studied areas, a conclusion is made about the floristic composition of vegetation on the right Bank of the Yessil river. The list of species was identified, the generic and species composition of the studied plants growing in the floodplain of the river was studied. Based on our research, 122 species from 102 genera (35.6 %) and 44 families were identified. Among angiosperms (Magnoliophyta), with 119 species (97.5 %), Dicotyledoneae predominate - 99 species (81.01%) from 81 genera (85.3%) and 32 families (72.7%). The class Liliopsida includes 20 plant species (16.4%) from 9 families (20.5%) and 18 genera. The largest family of the studied local flora includes 7, among them: Asteraceae, Rosaceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, Salicaceae and Lamiaceae. The largest families include 67 species, which is 54.9% of the total flora distributed along the riverbed and in the floodplain of the Yesil river.

The research work is devoted to the study of the diversity of vegetation of birch forests on the above-floodplain river terrace of the Esil River within the Kzylzhar region of the North Kazakhstan region. Based on the analysis of the author's surveys of the studied areas, a conclusion was made about the floristic composition of the vegetation on the right bank of the Esil River. A list of species was identified, the generic and species composition of the studied plants growing in the river floodplain was studied.
Based on our research work, 150 species from 117 genera and 46 families were identified. Among angiosperms (Magnoliophyta), numbering 147 species (98%) from 114 genera (97.4%) and 43 families (93.4%). Dicotyledoneae prevail - 125 species (83.3%), from 94 genera (80.3%) and 34 families (73.9%). The Monocotyledoneae class includes 22 species (14.67%) from 9 families (19.5%) and 18 genera (17.1%). The dominant families in terms of the number of species are: Asteraceae, Rosaceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae and Brassicaceae. Large genera contain 3-4 plant species: among them the genus Artemisia, Galatella, Trifolium, Rubus, Plantago.

Molybdenum has many functions in plant metabolism. This microelement takes part in a protein turnover. Particularly, it regulates the process of nitrate reconstruction in ammoniac in processes of nitrogen fixation of nodule bacteria. The content of chlorophyll in leaves increases thanks to molybdenum, the space of the lamina increases and photosynthesis ability as well. Development of the big number of nodules on soya roots is stimulated; plant water regime improves. Molybdenum is often used as a micro fertilizer. It is a microelement of plant nitrogen metabolism, as it is required for ammonia formation. Proteins, which are involved in nucleonic acid biosyntheses, are built from ammonia, pigments and vitamins as well. Molybdenum directly influences to a plant development and growth, depending on concentration, it can affect the plant which is being researched positively or negatively. The influence of various concentrations of molybdenum on the growth and development of a Nicotiana Benthamiana was studied in this work. Optimal (non-toxic) concentrations were found in order to increase germinating ability of seeds.

The article discusses the impact of the quality of the air and water basins of the territory of the North Kazakhstan region on the environment, health and life expectancy of the population. The dynamics of the level of pollution of the main factors of natural systems, which determine the nature of human life and work capacity, is shown. A comparative analysis of the degree of pollution of atmospheric air and water resources was carried out using the results of environmental monitoring for 2014-2018. The statistical data on the development of life expectancy of the population, which determine the positive dynamics of this indicator in the region for the period under study, are presented. Based on the analysis of environmental and statistical data on the qualitative state of the main environmental factors and the demographic situation in the North Kazakhstan region, a definite relationship was established between these indicators, which characterizes the improvement of the studied parameters. The performed forecast calculation of life expectancy at birth of the population in the medium term using the methods of mathematical statistics shows an optimistic variant of the development and improvement of the quality of life of the population of the region.

The article shows the degree of contamination of reservoirs for indicator work, as well as indicators that reflect the reactions of Daphnia and water biota. For the first time, an analysis of the effectiveness of changing test objects-Daphnia (Daphnia magna), its use for biotesting water toxicity in various reservoirs of the Turkestan region.
The research is of practical significance, since the application of the results obtained on the effectiveness of using Daphnia as test objects.
In this work, in contrast to other studies, a comprehensive approach to the study of the test organism Daphnia magna is carried out. The study of the manifestations of the indicative properties of Daphnia magna allowed us to determine the number of water from the reservoir, where it is possible to implement their environmental function. As a result of water research using the bioindication method, we will be able to assess the state of water; formulate the environmental problem under study, put forward and justify the reasons for its occurrence; and make suggestions for optimizing the environmental situation. In contrast to standard methods, where the assessment of the degree of toxicity is based on changes in the survival rate of Daphnia, this paper shows the priority of the indicator – changes in the physiological state of Daphnia when assessing water quality by biotesting methods.

Deposits of the population are the most important source of the resource base of banks, primarily for maintaining their level of stability, which is very relevant in a dynamically changing world and emerging global problems. Currently, the whole world is faced with such a phenomenon as the COVID-19 pandemic, which, accordingly, has changed the attitude of the population to the question of the safety of their savings. This article discusses changes in the organization of the Bank's remote work with deposits of the population in the context of the pandemic.
The study suggests ways to solve the problem of expanding the type and volume of remote services of a commercial Bank in order to assess the Deposit potential in the regional aspect, taking into account the conditions of modern global challenges. The result of the research is the development of measures in the field of accumulation of savings in the digital environment. During the research, the authors used various methods, such as observation, statistical processing of financial information, system analysis, abstraction, induction and deduction, and the method of ascending from the abstract to the concrete.

Banks are an integral part of the modern monetary economy, their activities are related to the needs of reproduction. Banks form the basis of the market mechanism by which the country's economy operates. Commercial banks are designed to regulate the flow of all cash flows, primarily credit, to help ensure the most rational use of society's financial resources and the flow of capital to those sectors of the country's economy where the return on investment will be maximum. Determining the real state of the Bank is of great importance not only for the Bank itself, but also for numerous shareholders and depositors. They should be confident in the financial well-being of a particular Bank, the development of which brings them real benefits
Modern economic analysis is the basis for an objective assessment of the Bank's performance and management decision - making. In this regard, there is a need for in-depth research in the field of banking, as well as understanding of domestic and foreign experience.
This article provides an analysis of the financial condition of Halyk Bank of Kazakhstan JSC: an assessment of the main financial indicators of the Bank, an analysis and assessment of changes in the capital of Halyk Bank of Kazakhstan JSC. In addition, the analysis of changes in customer funds and the analysis of changes in the Bank's obligations was carried out. The article also considers the analysis of the Bank's loan portfolio and its share in the total loan portfolio of STB, considers and pranalizes the income and expenses of Halyk Bank of Kazakhstan JSC.

In 1867, newspapers, magazines and books published in many languages around the world began to collect materials about Central Asia as a whole, including the Turkestan region and Kazakhstan. This work was carried out until 1939 with interruptions, as a result of which a very large and scientifically significant "Turkestan Collection" with a total volume of 594 volumes was compiled. The first governor-general of the Turkestan region K.P. Made in a single copy on a special commission from von Kaufmann, the original was made in Tashkent, A. Collection stored in the collection of rare manuscripts and books of the National Library named after Navoi, includes journalistic materials of various genres, published in newspapers and magazines not only in Tsarist Russia, but also in other foreign countries. A lot is known about the life of the Kazakh people of that time.

Today we consider ourselves happy citizens of a highly developed civilized society. Nevertheless, as human society develops, such factors as misunderstanding between states, competition, territorial disputes, the desire for hegemony, give rise to national, confessional enmity, entail unreasonable threats, up to military conflicts.
From time immemorial, the Kazakh people have been distinguished by their peacefulness and tolerance. He did not covet foreign lands and was not hostile towards neighboring states. On the contrary, the vast territories and wealth of our land have always been of interest to external enemies, and forced to fight for the freedom and independence of our people.

Today we consider ourselves happy citizens of a highly developed civilized society. Nevertheless, as human society develops, such factors as misunderstanding between states, competition, territorial disputes, the desire for hegemony, give rise to national, confessional enmity, entail unreasonable threats, up to military conflicts.
From time immemorial, the Kazakh people have been distinguished by their peacefulness and tolerance. He did not covet foreign lands and was not hostile towards neighboring states. On the contrary, the vast territories and wealth of our land have always been of interest to external enemies, and forced to fight for the freedom and independence of our people.

Economically developed states. What is hidden behind this concept, how to evaluate or understand why some states are developed and others are not. For example, in their book Why Some Countries Are Rich and Others Are Poor, D. Acemoglu and D. Robinson carry out a lot of research on this topic. Where analysis of historical data, economic and political components, geography and location, democratic and other regimes is carried out. In the course of their research, they came to the conclusion that rich and developed countries are formed under the influence of inclusive economic institutions, which were established more than one hundred years ago. In our study, we assessed indicators that characterize not only the economic component, but the demographic, social, etc. And we came to the conclusion that there is great ambiguity in the understanding of which countries can be called developed or developing. Therefore, with such an assessment, it is necessary to consider the whole structure of the country, from its economic components to the climatic zone in which it is located.

This article continues the research conducted by the authors in the field of modeling and development of the financial market. The research topic is undoubtedly relevant, since the role of information in the context of globalization and digitalization of the economy is actively increasing and the issues of uneven distribution of information are receiving increasing attention. The article deals with the problem of the influence of information asymmetry on the securitization of assets in the banking sector of Kazakhstan.
The purpose of the article is to consider the factors related to information asymmetry during the securitization of Bank assets. The research is based on systematic, economic and statistical methods, as well as theoretical methods of study, generalization and analysis. The results of the study in the field of information asymmetry are evaluated on securitization of assets in the banking sector, which allowed to confirm the feasibility of its further application in Kazakhstan. The authors believe that the results of the research can be used in scientific activities when considering the problems of information asymmetry in the securitization of Bank assets.

The article is devoted to the elements of speech that complement the linguistic communication of characters, showing that words are important in conveying ideas, revealing the image of a character. The purposeful use of elements of colloquial speech is confirmed by specific examples. In his works, the writer uses different styles of speech to create the image of characters from different angles. Character traits and features of speech are associated with their inner world. It was found that the richness of the spoken language, the use of proverbs in oral literature contribute to the enrichment and maturation of our literary language.

This analytical article examines the level of knowledge and application of critical thinking skills of secondary school students, the problems of its development. It is known that critical thinking is necessary not only in school, but also in everyday life. The success and relevance of a modern person depends on how they can think, make the right decisions, analyze different phenomena of life, distinguish the main and secondary, the ability to see the positive in the negative and conversely. These are the main tenets of critical thinking. The foundations of it, which are laid down correctly in children, must continue throughout life.The author of the article made an analysis of the level of development and application of critical thinking, based on questionnaires, testing and observation. This work was carried out directly in the classroom, where the skills and abilities of the CT were developed in group and individual work. During the lessons, students demonstrate self-learning and mutual learning skills.

The article discusses the experience of pedagogical support for students with special educational needs in the educational process of Kazakhstani universities, highlighted the current problems in this direction, reveals the concepts of «special educational needs» and «pedagogical support of students with special educational needs». In Kazakhstan, there are still a number of unresolved problems and barriers to the implementation of appropriate pedagogical support for students with special educational needs, such as the low level of material and technical and methodological equipment of higher educational institutions, strict requirements of the state standard, etc. But, first of all, these are problems of incorrect attitude to students with special educational needs from other students and teachers and the lack of specially trained teaching staff. And it is precisely from the equal treatment of people with special educational needs on the part of those around them, from conducting awareness-raising work among the pedagogical community and society as a whole, that a full-fledged educational system of higher education institutions should be built at the present stage in Kazakhstan.

The formation of students ' information competence through the use of information technologies in mathematics lessons, the use of modern information technologies, electronic textbooks and Internet resources allows students to develop their creative abilities in the educational process. The formation of information competence and information culture of students is currently one of the most urgent problems in the system of continuous pedagogical education. Information and communication technologies as a means of developing personal competence: one of the main conditions of the modern educational process is to teach students to independently search for the necessary information and the ability to choose their own learning path. In my opinion, the main goal in designing the information and educational environment is the desire of students to learn independently, that is, to teach literacy. The article deals with the problems of geometry in the field of stereometry, which make it difficult for students to represent the space. Their solution will show the progress of the program, which is necessary for students to be able to independently complete tasks and apply new technologies.

Currently, in higher educational institutions, one of the priority tasks in the study of the discipline "Physical culture" is the process of developing the speed and strength qualities of students. The student must have not only knowledge, but also make decisions independently, strive for success in professional activities, apply a creative approach to any business, and improve their intellectual level. This is why we need such qualities as speed, strength, endurance, etc.
The process of developing speed and strength qualities includes three main areas, the division into which is conditional and is accepted for simplicity, clarity of presentation and accuracy of application of exercises.
1. with the speed direction in preparation, the task is to increase the absolute speed of performing the main competitive exercise or its individual elements, as well as their combinations - starting acceleration and distance running, run-up and push-off in jumps, body acceleration and the final part.
2. with the speed-power direction in training, the task is to increase the strength of muscle contraction and speed of movement.
3. with the power direction in training, the task is to develop the greatest force of contraction of the muscles involved in the main exercise.

The article deals with the current problem of virtual mobility of distance learning students. The problem of the formation of a mobile learning system in distance education is described, the main studies of the problem of mobility of distance learning students are generalized and systematized. The priorities of mobile learning in distance education are analyzed, among which the following are highlighted: educational services through network communities, the implementation of flexibility when using mobile devices.
The methodological and practical significance of the study lies in the ranking of the qualities and properties of the personality, which form the basis of the virtual mobility of students. The results of a stating experiment on modeling virtual mobility of students are presented.
Analysis of the experimental work on the implementation of virtual mobility modeling technology showed that in the experimental group, distance learning students master the practical component of the discipline faster; better structure the material; master educational material better at the level of understanding and application; increasing interest in information and communication technologies and their application in education.

The article provides indicators of mental performance of students aged 11-12 and 16- 17 years in November 2019 (the coefficient of accuracy of the task, the coefficient of mental performance, the volume of visual information, the speed of information processing).Semey city conducted research for students in grades 6 and 11 in the 2019- 2020 academic year. The total number of students enrolled in the study is 20 students (10 students in grades 11 and 10 students in grades 6, respectively). Over the past few years, school programs have become much more complex, and the amount of academic load per student has increased. This situation negatively affects the overall health of students. The program of the modern school has increased the psychoemotional load of students. And before the students of the study group, we waited for the final external evaluation tests. Unified national testing for grades 11 and exam for grades 6 on the award of the Grant of the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan-the Leader of the Nation. Therefore, we aim to study the dynamics of the psychophysiological state of students preparing for a comprehensive external assessment, along with the heavy load of the school. Indicators of mental performance depend on the intensity of the system's functioning, performance, memory state, thinking, and emotional expressions. These indicators are an integral characteristic of the functional state of the organ, depending on the mental health of the person.

This article discusses the problem of learning Russian as a foreign language in different countries of the world. For the analysis, the countries of the post-Soviet space (Kazakhstan, Russia, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, Armenia), far and near abroad are taken. The article examines the level of prevalence of the Russian language in society, the percentage of native speakers from the total population of a particular country. Special attention is paid to the concepts of "Russian as a foreign language", "Russian language as a foreign language", "heterogeneity".
The article considers the organization of Russian language teaching in educational institutions of different levels. The article examines the impact of language policy on the development of the language in the country, as well as the cooperation of educational institutions with international organizations engaged in the development of the Russian language abroad.
The author concludes that the position of the Russian language in the world is ambiguous and depends on many factors, both external and internal. There is a tendency to increase the number of Russian language learners.

The article discusses the role and significance of teachers in society. Young teachers are the future core of the school's workforce. Specific features characteristic of young teachers and their shortage in schools, as well as requirements for a young specialist, are revealed. Accordingly, the period of professional development and professional adaptation is the most vulnerable place in a teacher's career. The article describes the relevance and importance of managing the process of professional development of young teachers in the country's education system. The article provides information about the problems that arise in the course of professional development of young specialists. During the period of professional development of teachers, the role of heads of educational organizations, as well as experienced mentors, is described. The author analyzes the main directions and state programs related to the support of young professionals in the field of education in various countries and formulates their main ideas.

The educational program is considered as a document that is fundamental in determining the content, goals and objectives of training specialists. Modern educational programs in the presence of the academic freedom of universities are developed on the basis of the personality-oriented and competence-based approaches that have already become traditional. Distinctive features of the development of educational programs today have become new, firstly, personal and professional attitudes towards students; secondly, the use of developing technologies and methods of the educational process at the university; third, focus on harmonious education; fourth, the effectiveness of educational activities aimed at the implementation of the requirements of the "labor market".
At the heart of the practice of inclusive education is the idea of accepting the individuality of each student and, therefore, teaching should be organized in such a way as to meet the special needs of each child.
With an inclusive approach, the educational process allows students to acquire the necessary competencies, in accordance with educational standards. The main subject to which inclusive technologies are directed in teaching a child with special educational needs.