For citations:

Penkova I.V., Maslova N.V. New forms of employment in the digitalization era: platform employment and self-employment. Peer-reviewed scientific journal "Bulletin of Manash Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University". 2025;(1 (65)):239-252. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.54596/2958-0048-2025-1-239-252