SURVIVAL RATE OF POTATO PLANTS IN VIVO DEPENDING ON PLANTING DATE IN THE NORTH-EAST OF KAZAKHSTAN

This article examines the survival characteristics of potato plants produced by microclonal propagation, depending on their planting dates in the conditions of Northeast Kazakhstan. Particular attention is paid to the influence of agroclimatic factors during the early growing season – including temperature conditions, the timing of the end of spring frosts, soil warming, and the accumulation of effective temperature – on plant adaptation processes following transfer from in vitro to in vivo conditions. The study is based on an analysis of domestic and foreign scientific publications, agrometeorological observation data, and regional climatic characteristics. It has been established that the effectiveness of adaptation and subsequent plant survival are determined by the combined influence of planting dates, the physiological state of the plants, and varietal characteristics. The most favorable conditions for survival are formed when the average daily air temperature rises steadily above 8–10°C and the risk of return frosts decreases. The results obtained indicate the need for a differentiated approach to selecting planting dates for potato plants and can be used in developing recommendations for improving the technology of growing seed potatoes in the conditions of Northeast Kazakhstan.

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