BASIC RESULTS OF COGNITIVE AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH AXIOLOGICAL ADJECTIVES’ SEMANTICS

This article presents the main results of the research conducted in the context of cognitive–comparative semantics of Russian and English axiological adjectives. The aim of the study was to identify and describe the cognitive features of the axiological semantics of adjectives in Russian and English on the basis of the analysis of propositional structures and associative verbal networks of evaluative adjectives. The research material was extracted as a result of the continuous sample from dictionaries. The material was presented by 361 Russian and 353 English adjectives of general and specific evaluation. The following methods were used in the research: comparative, synchronous–descriptive and quantitative methods, methods of structural–semantic analysis, methods of cognitive analysis of the semantics of linguistic units: propositional analysis and the method of associative verbal modeling of the language, the continuous sample technique, and such general scientific methods and techniques, as analysis, synthesis, classification and generalization. The analysis was carried out in two stages – the analysis of propositional structures of the axiological adjectives with the identification of the argument composition and content of the propositions; and the analysis of associative–verbal networks. This study enriches the modern linguistic science with the methodology of comparative cognitive analysis developed by the author, and its results can contribute to the studies of linguistic semantics and cognitive linguistics, stylistics and comparative linguistics. The research materials can be used in the theory and practice of teaching Russian and English languages, and lexicography (when compiling Russian–English and English–Russian dictionaries or thesauri).

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