THE HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHTHISIOLOGICAL SERVICES IN THE NORTH KAZAKHSTAN REGION

Abstract

Tuberculosis as an infectious disease has been known since ancient times. Such mani of tuberculosis as cough, sputum, hemoptysis, exhaustion, are described by Hippocrates, Galen, Avicenna. In the Middle Ages, tuberculosis was widespread in many countries of the world.
The infectious nature of tuberculosis has been known since ancient times. Many scientists have tried to prove this. But the «revolution» in phthisiology was the discovery by the German bacteriologist Robert Koch on March 24, 1982 of the causative agent of tuberculosis, detected by microscopic examination of the patient's sputum. The causative agent was called Koch's bacillus. For discovering the causative agent of tuberculosis, R. Koch was awarded the Nobel Prize, and March 24 was declared World Tuberculosis Day.
The discovery of the causative agent of tuberculosis, which for a long time remained an unknown «white plague» for humanity, inspired hope that something could be done to defeat this disease. Campaigns against tuberculosis began, donations were collected to fight it. In 1987, the first postage stamp dedicated to the fight against tuberculosis appeared. They began to pay much attention to educational work, and the number of publications devoted to tuberculosis increased.