The role of external influences in the formation of the winter reserve of plant pests

Important changes in the phenological phases of development of many species of harmful insects observed due to unfavorable environmental conditions, high and low temperatures, drought and high humidity, lack of nutrition and other natural and anthropogenic impacts observed in recent decades.  The main reason for the recorded changes in the range and harmfulness of many species of insect pests, considered internal quarantine for our country, is the possibility of abnormal effects during the formation of the winter abundance of the species. Observations conducted on cultivated food crops and industrially important garden plots in Azerbaijan — including greenhouses and the landscaping of parks and alleys in urban and populated areas — have shown noticeable changes in the distribution and phenological development of many harmful insect species. These species, which in previous years were observed only in very limited areas, are now spreading more widely within the cultivated flora.

Based on the conducted research and phytosanitary monitoring, it was found that the population density decrease or increase observed in natural habitats and modern agrocenoses of many harmful insect species under Absheon Peninsula conditions is highly dependent on the amount of winter reserve of that species. For this reason, the estimation of the existing winter (wintering) stock of special dangerous insect species spreading in the region in order to predict the probable degree of damage has a very important ecological and economic significance. The article provides research data on the current state of distribution and the probable forecast of the future development of the following dangerous pest insect species distributed in the region: American white butterfly (Hyphantria cunea Dru), Olive moth (Euphyullura olivina), Tomato moth (Tuta obsoluta).

1. Bryantsev B.A., Dobrozrakova T.L. Plant protection from pests and diseases. - Maarif Publishing House, 1966.

2. Tansky V.I. Biological bases of insect harmfulness. MVO. - "Agropromizdat", 1988.

3. Polyakov I.Ya. and Forecast of development of pests and diseases of agricultural crops (with practical training). - L.: "Kolos", 1984.

4. Dunyamaliev M.Z., Eyvazov A.G., Akhmedov et al. Quarantine and especially dangerous harmful organisms. – Baku: Nurlan, 2008. - 196 p.

5. Ismaylova V.M., Gakhramanov Sh. Sh., Tagiyev M.M., Mamedov Kh.A. Phytosanitary control and study of ways of penetration of quarantine harmful organisms into the territory of the country in the conditions of Absheron. // Actual problems of modern natural and economic sciences. International scientific conference. - 2024, pp. 102-105.

6. Gasimov A., Tagiyev M. et al. Pests of quarantine significance for the Republic of Azerbaijan (Atlas). – Baku, 2018.

7. Tagiyev M., Gasanova M. Methods for detecting pests in plant samples. – Baku: Teacher. - 2024.

8. Huseynov K., Huseynov H. Diseases and pests of agricultural plants. – Baku: Ganun, 2024. - p. 432.

9. Vasyutin A.S., Kayumov M.K., Maltsev V.F. Plant quarantine. - Moscow, 2002.