TEST OF MICRO-TUBER POTATOES OF CHINESE SELECTION IN THE CONDITIONS OF FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF NORTH KAZAKHSTAN

Potato in Kazakhstan is a traditional food product. In solving the problem of providing the country with food, an important role is given to the production of potatoes. Changing the requirements for varieties by taste and resistance to use in monoculture led to the search for the most effective ways to increase the productivity of potatoes by introducing into the production varieties of foreign selection, the biological characteristics of which correspond to local soil and climatic conditions. In the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of Northern Kazakhstan, studies to determine the most effective varieties of Chinese breeding in comparison with local varieties for the soil and climatic conditions of the region were carried out for the first time. The studies were carried out according to the method of B.A.Dospekhov. and according to GOST 51808-2013.
Studies have shown that between the studied varieties there are differences in the value of tuber yield. In the bush structure of the studied varieties, a large mass of tuber was noted in the Karatop variety, the smallest in the Tianshu12, Qingshu9 and Kexin1 varieties. The study of the fractional composition of the crop allowed us to state that a large proportion of the crop of the Kexin1 variety is represented by tubers of a large (food) fraction, and in the varieties of the varieties Tianshu12, Qingshu9 and Karatop, the seed fraction. The nitrate content in the tuber samples of the experimental variants is the “norm”. Thus, the analysis of the 1st year of research showed that of the studied varieties, the highest index of crop formation was shown by the zoned variety in Northern Kazakhstan - Karatop; all varieties showed high resistance to viral and rot diseases; the highest yield was also noted in the variants of the local variety Karatop, incl. due to the large mass of tubers, the number of tubers from the bush and the average mass of the tuber; when the nitrate tester values are in the range of 86-126, the potato, according to the experimental options, is harmless and can be used without risk for food purposes.

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