THE RARE BIRDS OF CHARADRIFORMES GROUP IN THE NORTH – KAZAKHSTAN REGION

Since the 80 s of the last century there has been a clear trend towards the expansion of black – winged stilt areal in the South of Western Siberia, as evidenced by numerous publications. In Western Europe nesting of black – winged stilt had been noted even earlier.
The steppe lakes of Northern Kazakhstan are characterized by such a phenomenon as the pulsation of the areal of many wetland birds, when the boundaries of the areal can expand and narrow down to hundreds of kilometers. This is closely related to the periodic abundant watering and shallowing of lakes in Western Siberia, as indicated by many authors. Since the 80s of the twentieth century, attention has been drawn to the appearance of the black – winged stilt (Himantopus himantopus) in the vicinity of Petropavlovsk – a bird of the tropics and subtropics that is not specific to our area. During the years of observation, the nesting biology and phenology of the arrival and departure of this species have been studied, the causes of embryonic and postembryonic mortality of the stilt have been found out.
In recent years, bird colonies in the vicinity of Petropavlovsk have ceased to form and the reason for this is not the natural pulsation of the area. At the beginning of the third Millennium, after some decline in the agricultural sector of the economy, the rise of agricultural production in Northern Kazakhstan is again observed, the former areas of arable land are being restored, and the number of livestock is growing.
One of the main reasons underlying various manifestations of human activity was the growth of the population on the developed lands, withdrawal of natural lands for industrial and civil construction. In the current situation, the identification of the main causes and patterns of changes in the number of water birds, the distribution patterns of the various types of water bodies, the reproductive potential and the factors that determine it, would later allow rational planning of measures to conserve the number and biodiversity of water and wetland birds.
The true reasons for disappearance of colonies of waders, including stilts, in the suburbs of Petropavlovsk are discussed in this article.

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