koz"Вестник Северо-Казахстанского университета имени Манаша Козыбаева"Bulletin of Manash Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University2958-003X2958-0048М. Қозыбаев атындағы СҚУ10.54596/2958-0048-2026-2-83-96koz-2556Research ArticleБИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИBIOLOGICAL SCIENCESЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИ ЭФФЕКТИВНОЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ ОТХОДОВ СОРГО В КОНТЕКСТЕ ЦИРКУЛЯРНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИENVIRONMENTALLY EFFICIENT UTILIZATION OF SORGHUM AGRICULTURAL WASTE IN THE CONTEXT OF CIRCULAR ECONOMYhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7260-2164ЗияеваГ. К.ZiyayevaG. K.

Кандидат биологических наук, ассоциированный профессор кафедры "Биология"

 Тараз 

Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Biology

Taraz

gk.ziyaeva@dulaty.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1563-1361ТулеубаевЖ.TuleubayevZh.

Доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор кафедры «Биология»

Тараз

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor of the Department of Biology

Taraz

tuleubayev51@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5692-0592СейтбаевК. Ж.SeitbayevK. Zh.

Кандидат сельско-хозяйственных наук, ассоциированный профессор кафедры "Биология и сельскохозяйственных специальностей"

Тараз

 

Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Biology and Agricultural Specialties

Taraz 

kuandik_1960@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-9685-1146КадырГ.KadyrG.

Студент 4 курса образовательной программы 6В01505-«Подготовка учителей биологии»

Тараз

4th year student of the educational program 6B01505- "Biology teacher training"

Taraz 

gauhar_04_04@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-7917-7040АбдикайымоваЖ.AbdikaiymovaZh.

Студент 4 курса образовательной программы 6В01505-«Подготовка учителей биологии»

Тараз

4th year student of the educational program 6B01505- "Biology teacher training"

 Taraz 

justonefuttik@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-8548-0593ЖорабекГ. Е.ZhorabekG. E.

Магистр естественных наук, преподаватель кафедры «Биология»

Тараз

Master of Natural Sciences, Lecturer at the Department of Biology

Taraz

g.zhorabek@dulaty.kzНАО «Таразский университет имени М.Х. Дулати»Казахстан«M.Kh. Dulaty Taraz University» NCJSCKazakhstanМеждународный Таразский университет имени Ш. МуртазыКазахстанSh. Murtaza International Taraz UniversityKazakhstan20260907202602 (70)8396Copyright © Зияева Г.К., Тулеубаев Ж., Сейтбаев К.Ж., Кадыр Г., Абдикайымова Ж., Жорабек Г.Е., 20262026Зияева Г.К., Тулеубаев Ж., Сейтбаев К.Ж., Кадыр Г., Абдикайымова Ж., Жорабек Г.Е.Ziyayeva G.K., Tuleubayev Z., Seitbayev K.Z., Kadyr G., Abdikaiymova Z., Zhorabek G.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnik.ku.edu.kz/jour/article/view/2556

В данной статье рассматривается проблема управления органическими отходами агропромышленного комплекса на территории Казахстана. Основной целью проведённого исследования является разработка технологии повышения ценности шелухи сорго путём извлечения биологически активных фенольных соединений. Изучаемое растение относится к засухоустойчивым культурам, имеющее большие перспективы для выращивания в аридных зонах. В научных целях были изучены пять сортов сорго, произрастающие на территории Южного Казахстана: Вахш, Даулет, Карабаш, Сахарное сорго и Массино. Экспериментальным путём был установлен средний выход шелухи, который составляет 11,7% от массы зерна. Данный показатель соответствует образованию 117 кг вторичного сырья на 1 тонну переработанной продукции. Методика экстракции была отработана на примере сорта «Карабаш». Процесс был проведён с использование 70%-го водного раствора этанола при температуре 50°C. Полученный экстракт имел интенсивный бордовый цвет. Спектрофотометрический анализ показал максимальное поглощение в диапазоне 500-550 нм. Показатели абсорбции выше 3,0 указывают на высокую концентрацию уникальных пигментов - 3-деоксиантоцианидинов. Проведение анализа на антиоксидантную активность показал содержание жирорастворимых и водорастворимых компонентов. Согласно проведенным расчетам, при масштабировании технологии базовый теоретический выход жидкого экстракта составляет 788,6 кг, при этом его прогнозируемое значение может достигать 906,9 кг в расчете на массу шелухи от 1 тонны зерна сорго. Результаты исследования показывают высокую эффективность использования шелухи сорго как источника натуральных красителей и природных антиоксидантов. Предложенный подход позволяет превратить сельскохозяйственные отходы в ценный ресурс. Таким образом, это приведёт к снижению нагрузки на экосистему и созданию более безопасной альтернативы синтетическим красителям. Обобщая, разработанная технология повысит экономическую и экологическую эффективность переработки агропромышленных отходов, поспособствует созданию устойчивых производственных систем на региональном уровне и обеспечит рациональное использование биоресурсов.

The article addresses the issue of organic waste management in the agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan. Approximately 8.2 million tons of agricultural biomass are generated annually in the country. The implementation of circular economy principles is essential for its effective disposal. This study aims to develop a technology for the valorization of sorghum husks by extracting biologically active phenolic compounds. Sorghum is a drought-resistant crop promising for cultivation in arid zones. The study examined five sorghum varieties grown in South Kazakhstan: Daulet, Massino, Vakhsh, Sugar Sorghum, and Karabash. It was experimentally established that the average husk yield is 11.7% of the grain mass. This corresponds to the generation of 117 kg of secondary raw materials per ton of processed products. The extraction methodology was refined using the "Karabash" variety. The process was conducted using a 70% aqueous ethanol solution at a temperature of 50°C. The resulting extract has an intense burgundy color. Spectrophotometric analysis revealed a maximum absorption in the range of 500 –550 nm. An absorbance value above 3.0 confirms a high concentration of unique pigments – 3-deoxyanthocyanidins. Antioxidant activity analysis showed the presence of water-soluble and fat-soluble components. According to the perfomaned calculations, the base theoritical yield of the liquid exstract during technology scaling amounts to 788.6 kg, and considering technological scaling coefficients, it reaches up to 906.9 kg from the volume of husks generated during the processing of 1 ton of sorghum grain. The research results prove the efficiency of using sorghum husks as a source of natural colorants and antioxidants. The proposed approach allows for the transformation of agricultural waste into a valuable resource. This reduces the environmental burden on ecosystems and provides a safe "green" alternative to synthetic dyes. The implemented technology increases the environmental and economic efficiency of agro-industrial waste recycling, contributes to the formation of sustainable production systems at the regional level, and ensures the rational use of bioresources.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.