koz"Вестник Северо-Казахстанского университета имени Манаша Козыбаева"Bulletin of Manash Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University2958-003X2958-0048М. Қозыбаев атындағы СҚУ10.54596/2958-0048-2025-4-114-122koz-2306Research ArticleСОЦИАЛЬНО-ГУМАНИТАРНЫЕ НАУКИSOCIAL AND HUMAN SCIENCESФриланс как объект научного изучения: обзор литературыFreelancing as an object of scientific study: a literature reviewАбдреисоваД. Ж.AbdreissovaD. Zh.

Абдреисова Диана Жакслыковна - докторант, кафедра "Экономика, учёт и финансы", ФИЭП.

Петропавловск

Diana Zh. Abdreissova – corresponding author, methodologist of the scientific and methodological department of the Manash Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University.

Petropavlovsk

diana_gmu05@mail.ruНАО «Северо-Казахстанский университет имени Манаша Козыбаева»КазахстанManash Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University NPLCKazakhstan20251201202604 (68)114122Copyright © Абдреисова Д.Ж., 20252025Абдреисова Д.Ж.Abdreissova D.Z.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnik.ku.edu.kz/jour/article/view/2306

Фриланс в современном обществе выступает одной из ключевых форм нетипичной занятости, обусловленной цифровизацией экономики и распространением онлайн-платформ. Под этим феноменом понимается выполнение трудовой деятельности на проектной или временной основе без заключения традиционного трудового договора. Его развитие связано с глобальными изменениями в организации труда, ростом «гиг-экономики» и изменением профессиональной идентичности работников.

В мировой литературе сформировался широкий спектр подходов к анализу фриланса. Экономические и социологические исследования рассматривают его как проявление гибкой занятости, акцентируя внимание на доходах, статусе и мотивации фрилансеров. Правовые публикации затрагивают вопросы социальной защиты и налогообложения. Цифровизация рынка труда поставила новые исследовательские задачи, связанные с функционированием платформ и глобализацией трудовых процессов.

Казахстанский контекст пока остаётся недостаточно изученным. В официальной статистике фриланс чаще включается в категорию самозанятых, что затрудняет оценку его масштабов. Вместе с тем наблюдается рост числа специалистов, работающих через цифровые платформы в сферах ИТ, дизайна и маркетинга.

Цель статьи систематизировать существующие исследования о фрилансе, выявить основные направления анализа и определить пробелы в изучении данного феномена в Казахстане.

Freelancing in modern society is one of the key forms of atypical employment caused by the digitalization of the economy and the spread of online platforms. This phenomenon refers to the performance of work on a project or temporary basis without entering into a traditional employment contract. Its development is associated with global changes in the organization of work, the growth of the "gig economy" and a change in the professional identity of workers.

A wide range of approaches to freelance analysis has emerged in the world literature. Economic and sociological studies consider it as a manifestation of flexible employment, focusing on income, status and motivation of freelancers. Legal publications address issues of social protection and taxation. The digitalization of the labor market has set new research objectives related to the functioning of platforms and the globalization of labor processes.

The Kazakh context remains insufficiently studied. In official statistics, freelancing is more often included in the category of self-employed, which makes it difficult to assess its scale. At the same time, there is an increase in the number of specialists working through digital platforms in the fields of IT, design and marketing.

The purpose of the article is to systematize existing research on freelancing, identify the main areas of analysis and identify gaps in the study of this phenomenon in Kazakhstan.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.