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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">koz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">"Вестник Северо-Казахстанского университета имени Манаша Козыбаева"</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of Manash Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2958-003X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2958-0048</issn><publisher><publisher-name>М. Қозыбаев атындағы СҚУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.54596/2958-0048-2025-2-175-183</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">koz-2183</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-КОММУНИКАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разработка модели классификации БПЛа и птиц на основе нейросети YOLOv9 для совершенствования антидрон систем</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development of a classification model for UAVs and birds based on the YOLOv9 neural network to improve anti-drone systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2658-8792</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Адильбеков</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Adilbekov</surname><given-names>А. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Адильбеков Алибек Еркинович, ст. преподаватель. Факультет Инженерии и Цифровых Технологий, кафедра "Энергетика и радиоэлектроника"</p><p>Петропавловск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Сorresponding author, doctoral student, master of technical sciences, senior lecturer of the department of Energetic and Radioelectronics</p><p>Petropavlovsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alibekadilbek93@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8580-7326</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенюк</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenyuk</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семенюк Владислав Владимирович, ст. преподаватель проектного офиса</p><p>Петропавловск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Мaster of technical sciences, senior lecturer of the Project office</p><p>Petropavlovsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Evdimid@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9949-0312</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Проселков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Proselkov</surname><given-names>А. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Проселков Анатолий Владимирович, специалист, офис приема и рекрутинга</p><p>Петропавловск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Мaster of technical sciences, specialist, Office of reception and recruitment</p><p>Petropavlovsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">proselkov96@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">НАО «Северо-Казахстанский университет имени Манаша Козыбаева»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Manash Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University NPLC<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2 (66)</issue><fpage>175</fpage><lpage>183</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Адильбеков А.Е., Семенюк В.В., Проселков А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Адильбеков А.Е., Семенюк В.В., Проселков А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Adilbekov А.E., Semenyuk V.V., Proselkov А.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.ku.edu.kz/jour/article/view/2183">https://vestnik.ku.edu.kz/jour/article/view/2183</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены материалы разработки модели классификации и распознавания БПЛА и птиц на основе нейронной сети архитектуры YOLOv9 в оптико-электронных каналах систем Антидрон. Для обучения нейронной сети был подготовлен набор данных в виде аннотированных изображений БПЛА и птиц. Общее количество, с учетом дополнения, составило 5265 изображений. Обучение, верификация и тестирование нейронных сетей осуществлялись в операционной системе Windows 11, в среде исполнения Python 3.10.8 и среде разработки Pycharm 2024. Процесс обучения осуществлялся на базе графического процессора AD103 видеокарты NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4080 с поддержкой CUDA Toolkit 12.1. В результате обучения нейронной сети были получены следующие метрики: mAP50-95: 0,59; mAP50: 0,95; Recall: 0,89; Precision: 0,95. По этим показателям обученная модель превосходит модели распознавания и классификации БПЛА и птиц, обученные на основе YOLOv2, YOLOv4, YOLOv5, YOLOv7 и YOLOX. Результаты вывода на двух видео с полетами БПЛА DJI Inspire 2 и DJI Mini 3 показали значения FPS 131 и 119 соответственно. Было установлено, что благодаря полученным показателям точности и FPS обученная модель YOLOv9 может быть использована в качестве модуля для распознавания и классификации БПЛА и птиц в реальном времени в оптико-электронных каналах наблюдения систем Антидрон.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents the materials of the development of a model for classification and recognition of UAVs and birds based on the neural network of the YOLOv9 architecture in the optoelectronic channels of Anti-drone systems. To train the neural network, a dataset was prepared in the form of annotated images of UAVs and birds. The total number, taking into account augmentation, was 5265 images. The authors implemented training, verification and testing of neural networks in the Windows 11 operating system, in the Python 3.10.8 runtime environment and the Pycharm 2024 development environment. The training process was carried out on the basis of the AD103 graphics processor of the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4080 video card with support for CUDA Toolkit 12.1. As a result of training the neural network, the following metrics were obtained: mAP50-95: 0.59; mAP50: 0.95; Recall: 0.89; Precision: 0.95. According to these indicators, the trained model outperforms the UAV and bird recognition and classification models trained on the basis of YOLOv2, YOLOv4, YOLOv5, YOLOv7 and YOLOX. The inference results on two videos with DJI Inspire 2 and DJI Mini 3 UAV flights showed FPS values of 131 and 119, respectively. It was found that, due to the obtained accuracy and FPS metrics, the trained YOLOv9 model can be used as a module for recognizing and classifying UAVs and birds in real time in the optoelectronic surveillance channels of Anti-drone systems.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антидрон</kwd><kwd>слияние датчиков</kwd><kwd>глубокое обучение</kwd><kwd>дроны</kwd><kwd>YOLO</kwd><kwd>нейронные сети</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anti-drone</kwd><kwd>sensor fusion</kwd><kwd>deep learning</kwd><kwd>drones</kwd><kwd>YOLO</kwd><kwd>neural networks</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>Committee for Science of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Grant No. AR19679009)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mahdavi F., Rajabi R. (2020). 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